Henry VI, Margaret of Anjou and the Wars of the Roses: A Source Book (Sutton History Paperbacks)
Average customer rating: 5 out of 5 stars
  • Really interesting and comprehensive
Henry VI, Margaret of Anjou and the Wars of the Roses: A Source Book (Sutton History Paperbacks)
Keith Dockray
Manufacturer: Sutton Publishing
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

GeneralGeneral | Royalty | Leaders & Notable People | Biographies & Memoirs | Subjects | Books
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ASIN: 0750921633

Book Description

The final volume in a trilogy of historical source books covering 1450-1485, this work focuses on the reign of Henry VI, whose manifest shortcomings provided a pretext for the start of the Wars of the Roses in the 1450s. The Wars have been viewed as a dynastic struggle, but more recently such interpretation has been rejected. A vigorous debate has flourished concerning the origins and nature of the Wars and this volume offers a framework for interpretation and a selection of passages from contemporary sources. The aim is for readers to appreciate just why the rule of Henry VI brought about the outbreak of the Wars of the Roses, what the struggles were like and how they culminated in the end of the House of Lancaster.

Customer Reviews:

5 out of 5 stars Really interesting and comprehensive.......2003-08-20

This book is really fun to read. I wouldn't say you would read it like a novel, or even a biography, but it is fun to peruse every once an awhile.
It explains the backround of Henry VI, Margaret of Anjou, and Richard, Duke of York. Then it takes you through the wars of the roses through quotes, letters, and chronicles, all written or said as it happened.
It's really good. A definate buy for anyone who wants to learn about this time, or already knows a lot!

NASCAR Superstars: In the Fast Lane With NASCAR's Biggest Stars
Average customer rating: Not rated
    NASCAR Superstars: In the Fast Lane With NASCAR's Biggest Stars

    Manufacturer: SEVENOAKS
    ProductGroup: Book
    Binding: Paperback
    ASIN: 1862002045
    Racing Milestones Magazine May 2001 Ricky Rudd on Cover
    Average customer rating: Not rated
      Racing Milestones Magazine May 2001 Ricky Rudd on Cover
      Racing Milestones
      Manufacturer: Trader Publishing Co.
      ProductGroup: Book
      Binding: Paperback
      ASIN: B000LDXKCG
      Ricky Rudd (Racer)
      Average customer rating: Not rated
        Ricky Rudd (Racer)
        John Regruth
        Manufacturer: Motorbooks
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Paperback

        GeneralGeneral | Biographies | Sports | Subjects | Books
        Motor SportsMotor Sports | Miscellaneous | Sports | Subjects | Books
        RacingRacing | Automotive | Nonfiction | Subjects | Books
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        ASIN: 076031327X

        Book Description

        Ricky Rudd's career has surged since he signed on with the Robert Yates team in 2000. With 27 Winston Cup career victories to his credit, Rudd set a modern day NASCAR Winston Cup record by posting at least one win every year from 1982 through 1998. In addition to comprehensive race data and track-by-track results, a selection of color photography spanning Rudd's entire NASCAR career includes candid shots of the driver and action photos of the cars he has driven through the 2001 season.

        All The Bright Young Men And Women. A Personal History Of The Czech Cinema
        Average customer rating: Not rated
          All The Bright Young Men And Women. A Personal History Of The Czech Cinema
          Josef Skvorecky
          Manufacturer: Take One Film Book/Peter Martin Assoc.
          ProductGroup: Book
          Binding: Hardcover
          ASIN: B000JCYDSO
          All the Bright Young Men and Women: A Personal History of the Czech Cinema (Take One Film Book Series)
          Average customer rating: Not rated
            All the Bright Young Men and Women: A Personal History of the Czech Cinema (Take One Film Book Series)
            Josef Skvorecky , and Josef Iskvoreckby
            Manufacturer: Baseline Books
            ProductGroup: Book
            Binding: Paperback

            GeneralGeneral | Movies | Entertainment | Subjects | Books
            GeneralGeneral | Arts & Photography | Subjects | Books
            ASIN: 0887781101

            Music and Opera Around the World : 2000-2001
            Average customer rating: Not rated
              Music and Opera Around the World : 2000-2001
              Marie-Laure de Bello-Porto
              Manufacturer: Fil d'Ariane
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Paperback

              ReferenceReference | Subjects | Books | Almanacs & Yearbooks | Atlases & Maps | Books on CD | Books on Cassette | Business Skills | Careers | Catalogs & Directories | Consumer Guides | Dictionaries & Thesauruses | Education | Encyclopedias | Etiquette | Foreign Languages | Fun Facts | Genealogy | General | Job Hunting | Large Print | Law | Publishing & Books | Quotations | Spanish-Language Reference | Study Guides | Test Prep Central | Words & Language | Writing
              GeneralGeneral | Opera | Musical Genres | Music | Entertainment | Subjects | Books
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              GeneralGeneral | Music | Entertainment | Subjects | Books
              ASIN: 2911894111

              Book Description

              This is the fifth annual edition of the guide Music & Opera Around the World. First appearing in 1996, its circulation has grown year on year as its unrivalled coverage of international opera and music events makes it the established reference publication in its field. The guide gives an overview of the season listing more that 20,000 operas and concerts at over 200 major venues in 30 countries. The first part of the guide lists programme and booking details by opera house and concert hall - from Amsterdam to New York, from Florence to Berlin, from San Francisco to London, Paris or Vienna; the second section presents the international calendar from September 2000 to end July 2001, giving full performance details. There are two indexes, one of performers and one of works, cross-referred to the international calendar.

              Lessons From The Art Of Juggling: How to Achieve Your Full Potential in Business, Learning, and Life
              Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
              • Learning to Learn
              • An enjoyable book on juggling with some life lessons thrown in
              • Great book for All Ages.
              • I still can't juggle much
              • The ultimate success book
              Lessons From The Art Of Juggling: How to Achieve Your Full Potential in Business, Learning, and Life
              Michael J. Gelb
              Manufacturer: Harmony
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Hardcover

              GeneralGeneral | Business Life | Business & Investing | Subjects | Books
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              Similar Items:
              1. More Balls Than Hands: Juggling Your Way to Success by Learning to Love Your Mistakes More Balls Than Hands: Juggling Your Way to Success by Learning to Love Your Mistakes
              2. Discover Your Genius: How to Think Like History's Ten Most Revolutionary Minds Discover Your Genius: How to Think Like History's Ten Most Revolutionary Minds
              3. Present Yourself! Present Yourself!
              4. Da Vinci Decoded: Discovering the Spiritual Secrets of Leonardo's Seven Principles Da Vinci Decoded: Discovering the Spiritual Secrets of Leonardo's Seven Principles
              5. Juggling for the Complete Klutz Juggling for the Complete Klutz

              ASIN: 0517599252
              Release Date: 1994-08-16

              Book Description

              A book that trains the reader in the art of relaxed concentration--the secret of high performance in business and life. Using juggling to convey its vital lessons, this empowering approach to self-development is based on current brain and learning research and balances humor and playfulness with serious purpose.

              Customer Reviews:

              5 out of 5 stars Learning to Learn.......2007-04-12

              I was amazed that I could do 3 ball juggling just from reading this book...of course, it took me some time and effort. But I did not expect that a written text book could teach and coach the development of motor skills.

              I was also pleasantly surprised at the emphasis on relaxation techniques...which were very useful, and it felt awesome to be able to develope some techniques by reading a written text book.

              I always believed that motor skills can be taught more effectively using a video or with a personal coach. So I was a little skeptical about being able to learn juggling from a book, but I really wanted to see if I could actually learn juggling on my own.

              I have absolutely great respect for the author...for his technique of learning to learn.

              I even tried to teach my staff juggling using the same premise and philosophy as this book. It was great to see them realize that they can in fact learn anything...and we juggling A4 sheets (crumpled up into paper balls)!

              5 out of 5 stars An enjoyable book on juggling with some life lessons thrown in.......2006-12-07

              I loved the book... actually, I LOVED learning how to juggle. My friend taught me, using the concepts in this book, and with a set of balls from a pack called 'More Balls Than Most', I think from Gelb.


              It was a fun process, and great to do with a friend. Constant failure, and the as he said, I learned in my sleep, and the next day I could do it. I guess there are lots of lessons that can be applied to the process as well, like learning from failure, relaxed learning, trial and error, using humour, power of play, wonder etc. although I tend to agree, I'd prefer to take these lessons separately as there are many lessons you could relate to the process of juggling and I think the authors just combined areas they were familiar with as lessons to learn. That said, it's an enjoyable book, and I loved the process of learning juggling and it teaches several tricks that you can do alone or with friends.

              I highly recommend purchasing this book, learning to juggle (persevere, if you have to) and then sharing your knowledge with a good friend... or just use your newfound knowledge to impress a girl!

              5 out of 5 stars Great book for All Ages........2005-06-23

              It's great to find a book that guides us to achieving difficult skills. Gelb/Buzan shows how important making mistakes is to creating success. The books isn't a complete book on juggling, but I don't see any need for more pages than is written.
              I haven't mastered 3 ball Juggling, but I am comfortable with it. I started 2 in 1 hand which is the basis of 4 ball juggling.
              It's really demanding on your throwing technique and less on your sense of sight. Mastering 4 balls is a totally different dimension because it pushes you to your ambidexterity limit. Just don't give up and be aware of your technique.

              3 out of 5 stars I still can't juggle much.......2000-07-19

              I can juggle 3 balls but I struggle with 4. Maybe I didn't read the book properly or something.

              5 out of 5 stars The ultimate success book.......2000-01-31

              If you want to achieve your full potential in anything you are ever to do, whoever you are, look no further. This book helps with just that. Written in a playful tone, and with practical examples from the game of juggling, you will find all the confidence, courage and mental skills to do anything you aspire. As the book also teaches juggling, it's style will feel a bit unfamiliar to most readers, but considering how it improved my life I MUST give it a 5 star. Check out books about accellerated learning by the same authors as well.

              Real Ksas--Knowledge, Skills & Abilities--For Government Jobs: Improve Your Chances of Gaining Federal Employment by Preparing Top-Notch Ksas (Government Jobs Series)
              Average customer rating: 2 out of 5 stars
              • Basic Information
              • not all KSA
              • Should be KSA for limited Government Jobs
              Real Ksas--Knowledge, Skills & Abilities--For Government Jobs: Improve Your Chances of Gaining Federal Employment by Preparing Top-Notch Ksas (Government Jobs Series)

              Manufacturer: Prep Publishing
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Paperback

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              Similar Items:
              1. Federal Resume Guidebook: Strategies for Writing a Winning Federal Electronic Resume, KSAs, and Essays (Federal Resume Guidebook: Write a Winning Federal ... Write a Winning Federal Resume to Get in) Federal Resume Guidebook: Strategies for Writing a Winning Federal Electronic Resume, KSAs, and Essays (Federal Resume Guidebook: Write a Winning Federal ... Write a Winning Federal Resume to Get in)
              2. Ten Steps to a Federal Job: Navigating the Federal Job System, Writing Federal Resumes, KSAs and Cover Letters with a Mission Ten Steps to a Federal Job: Navigating the Federal Job System, Writing Federal Resumes, KSAs and Cover Letters with a Mission
              3. Government Job Applications and Federal Resumes: Federal Resumes, KSAs, Forms 171 and 612, and Postal Applications (Anne McKinney Career Series) (Anne Mckinney Career Series) Government Job Applications and Federal Resumes: Federal Resumes, KSAs, Forms 171 and 612, and Postal Applications (Anne McKinney Career Series) (Anne Mckinney Career Series)
              4. Real Resumix & Other Resumes for Federal Government Jobs: Including Samples of Real Resumes Used to Apply for Federal Government Jobs (Government Jobs Series) Real Resumix & Other Resumes for Federal Government Jobs: Including Samples of Real Resumes Used to Apply for Federal Government Jobs (Government Jobs Series)
              5. Military to Federal Career Guide: Ten Steps to Transforming Your Military Experience into a Competitive Federal Resume Military to Federal Career Guide: Ten Steps to Transforming Your Military Experience into a Competitive Federal Resume

              ASIN: 1885288344

              Book Description

              This book is designed to help people who seek their first federal government job as well as federal employees who want to advance in the system. The process of getting a government job often involves preparing complex applications, and those applications frequently require written statements or "elements" which are called "Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities" or KSAs. In the competitive hiring process, the individual who gets hired for the federal job usually has the best KSAs. This book shows examples of effective KSAs that have worked for real people. The book doesn't simply "tell how" to write KSAs; it actually "shows how" to write KSAs in sample after sample related to multiple fields. This book will do a great deal to make the federal hiring process understandable as it illuminates one of the most complex features of getting a government job: writing the KSAs or "elements," as they are often called.

              Customer Reviews:

              2 out of 5 stars Basic Information.......2007-09-25

              This book mostly contains examples of KSAs for intro level jobs. It doesn't have any examples for professional counselors, social workers, or other mental health providers. I purchased the book for the one example for "guidance counselor" which turned out to be for a bachelor level position and not a professional level counselor (master degree). There are very few KSAs at or above 11. Save your money and review the free examples online at one of the federal job sites.

              2 out of 5 stars not all KSA.......2006-08-04

              Unfortunately it had nothing of value in this book for me it didn't touch on a single KSA I need help with.

              2 out of 5 stars Should be KSA for limited Government Jobs.......2003-05-31

              This book has too few job examples and many of the jobs it does offer KSAs for are related. If I could, I wouldn't have spent the money or the 5 months it took to get it. Out of hundreds if not thousands of fed. jobs, this book manages to cover KSAs for whopping 42 of them. If you are in any science field other than medical, don't bother with this book.

              The Camera and the Tsars: A Romanov Family Album
              Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
              • Excellent
              • Nice collection of photos.
              • A Window Back in Time Through the Camera
              The Camera and the Tsars: A Romanov Family Album
              Charlotte Zeepvat
              Manufacturer: Sutton Publishing
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Paperback

              Photo EssaysPhoto Essays | Photography | Arts & Photography | Subjects | Books
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              Similar Items:
              1. The Court of the Last Tsar: Pomp, Power and Pageantry in the Reign of Nicholas II The Court of the Last Tsar: Pomp, Power and Pageantry in the Reign of Nicholas II
              2. Tsar: The Lost World of Nicholas and Alexandra Tsar: The Lost World of Nicholas and Alexandra
              3. Ella: Princess, Saint and Martyr Ella: Princess, Saint and Martyr
              4. Jewels of the Tsars: The Romanovs and Imperial Russia Jewels of the Tsars: The Romanovs and Imperial Russia
              5. The Romanovs & Mr Gibbes: The Story of the Englishman who Taught the Children of the Last Tsar The Romanovs & Mr Gibbes: The Story of the Englishman who Taught the Children of the Last Tsar

              ASIN: 075094210X

              Book Description

              This lavishly illustrated book shows the extended Romanov family in formal and informal poses and traces the last days of a dynasty as well as the beginnings of commercial photography.

              Customer Reviews:

              5 out of 5 stars Excellent.......2007-08-05

              Although this book is advertised as a photo book, particuarly interesting for me was the information it gives about other, more obscure members of the Romanov family. Most photo's are accompanied by a paragraph discussing the family member involved, and this is especially helpful to me as a fan of woman's history when discussing Romanov Princesses who married into other European royal families. I believe these women, coming from the family they came from, were probably very formidable and interesting individuals in their own right, and I think it's a shame there is so little reading material available about them.

              4 out of 5 stars Nice collection of photos........2007-06-26

              From the cover of this book I believed that I was purchasing a family album of JUST Tsar Nicholas II's immediate family. Although there is a whole chapter devoted to him and his children, this book is mostly filled with pictures of other Romanovs. The few pictures of Nicholas II and his children have been previously published.

              The chapters of the book are as follows:
              1. The Last Tsar
              2. The Family
              3. Marrying into the Family
              4. Born Romanov
              5. The Training of Princes
              6. A Suitable Marriage
              7. Family Ties
              8. The Family at Work
              9. The Family at Play
              10. The Passing of the Tsar
              11. War and Revolution
              12. Full Circle

              4 out of 5 stars A Window Back in Time Through the Camera .......2006-11-10

              This is a wonderful Zeepvat book. It is similar in nature to others she has written. Although I enjoyed the book a lot, some of the pictures had been previously published in other books and forums. I would have liked to have seen more pictures that had never been published about their day to day life at Livadia, Tsarskoe Selo and on board the Standart. What i am saying is that maybe more access could be granted to different photo albums than just the usual that are referenced in other books and this one as well.

              Warriors' Words: A Dictionary of Military Quotations
              Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
              • Insightful Quotations Pertinent To Life
              • Warrior's Words
              Warriors' Words: A Dictionary of Military Quotations
              Peter G. Tsouras
              Manufacturer: Arms & Armour
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Paperback

              GeneralGeneral | Military | History | Subjects | Books
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              ASIN: 1854092634

              Customer Reviews:

              5 out of 5 stars Insightful Quotations Pertinent To Life.......2001-06-24

              As a former US Marine, and current minister of the gospel, I have found this book to have pertinent and useful quotes - not just for military men and women. Topics such as initiative, leadership, success, planning / preparation, discipline, etc. are not just important on the battlefield, but for life in general. I have been able to successfully utilize some of these quotes in teachings and counseling sessions that I have done. For example, concerning those of us whose job it is to raise up future leaders, General Bruce C Clarke said "You must be able to underwrite the honest mistakes of your subordinates if you wish to develop their initiative and experience." Also, General Moshe Dayan said "It is better to struggle with a stallion when the problem is how to hold it back, than to urge on a bull that refuses to budge." Overall, I believe it is a great and very interesting book - for those in or out of the military.

              4 out of 5 stars Warrior's Words.......2000-04-11

              Warrior's Words is a necessity to those who work in the military. There were several tid bits of information and reminders of our noble profession of arms. Even those words from old soldiers of the past still hold knowledge that is usable today. Mr. Tsouras brought together a great blend of generals and time periods. I would recommend this book to anyone looking at the military as a career....

              Stalin and the Bomb: The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy, 1939-1956
              Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
              • An island of intellectual autonomy in a totalitarian state
              • An Excellent Overview of the Entire Period
              • Plenty of characters, with just a few plots.
              • Intriguing Analysis of a Hidden Episode
              Stalin and the Bomb: The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy, 1939-1956
              David Holloway
              Manufacturer: Yale University Press
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Paperback

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              3. Wilderness of Mirrors: Intrigue, Deception, and the Secrets that Destroyed Two of the Cold War's Most Important Agents Wilderness of Mirrors: Intrigue, Deception, and the Secrets that Destroyed Two of the Cold War's Most Important Agents
              4. Israel and the Bomb Israel and the Bomb
              5. China Builds the Bomb (Studies in Intl Security and Arm Control) China Builds the Bomb (Studies in Intl Security and Arm Control)

              ASIN: 0300066643

              Book Description

              A distinguished authority tells the spellbinding story of the people and politics behind the development of the Soviet atom bomb. Based on interviews with participants and research in newly opened archives, the book reveals how the American atomic monopoly affected Stalin`s foreign policy, the role of espionage in the evolution of the Soviet bomb, and the relationship between Soviet nuclear scientists and the country`s political leaders.

              Customer Reviews:

              5 out of 5 stars An island of intellectual autonomy in a totalitarian state.......2004-09-09

              D. Holloway tells us outstandingly and very detailed the gripping story of the development of nuclear weapons in the Soviet Union. He shows us that the SU success was the result of the effort of Russian scientists with I.V. Kurchatov in a crucial role, although some data were obtained via spying (Klaus Fuchs).
              The nuclear weapons building combined the best (scientists, engineers) and the worst of the SU, with prisoners working in appalling conditions (no protection) and real nuclear exercises with soldiers as guinea pigs.

              D. Holloway analyzes also pregnantly the hostile ideological environment for scientists. The regime's fundamental logic remained political. The politicians had the right to define what was science and pseudoscience. In the name of dialectical materialism whole scientific disciplines (e.g. genetics) were destroyed (the Lyssenko case).
              Physics also came under attack. Beria asked Kurchatov if it was true that quantum mechanics and relativity theory were idealist, antimaterialist. Kurchatov replied that if relativity theory and qm were rejected, the bomb would be rejected too. Stalin's ultimate answer was:' Leave them in peace, we can shoot them later!' (p. 204)
              This 'pseudoscientific' debate was held within a bureaucratic framework. Scientists were well paid and the party bureaucrats and ideologues were jealous and wanted to take their place, even if they were incompetent. Beria left physics unhampered because he needed the bomb. In that sense, physics remained a small element of civil society in a totalitarian state. But if the scientists had failed, they would certainly have received a neckshot.

              The impact of nuclear weapons on international political relations is also outstandingly explained.
              After WW II the Soviet leaders assumed rightly that the US was seeking world dominance and that the SU was the main impediment. The scientific planners in the US discussed seriously a preemptive (!) strike against the US.
              Stalin was not impressed by the US nuclear power. He continued tot think that conventional weapons and troops had still the upper hand. As an example, he took the risk of the Berlin crisis in 1948. But he grasped that the SU also needed the bomb.
              The physicists knew that an international balance of power was needed. They understood the effects of a nuclear war and explained to the politicians that the survival of the human race was at stake.
              After Stalin, Khrushev renounced Lenin's thesis that war was inevitable between capitalist states. As the nuclear stockpile grew, he admitted that a peaceful coexistence of capitalism and socialism was preferable.

              D. Holloway wrote a magisterial analysis of an essential part of mankind's history. A fascinating read.

              5 out of 5 stars An Excellent Overview of the Entire Period.......2004-02-28

              Stalin and the Bomb is an excellent overview not only of the Soviet atomic project but of the entire Stalin period. Holloway discusses some of the disastorous policies Stalin pursued in the scientific arena (for example, when it came to biology) and shows how Stalin was able to control his ideological impulses when it came to a project that would net him real power.

              Stalin and the Bomb is extremely readable and provides some nice detail on Kurchatov, the father of the Soviet A-bomb. A little more on Sakharov and the H-bomb project would have been nice, but was not central to the thrust of the book. Significantly, this book delves into significant technical detail about the research and construction of nuclear weapons, but the author does a superb job of making the science accessable to people without PhDs in physics.

              4 out of 5 stars Plenty of characters, with just a few plots........2002-03-18

              I was most interested in who had the first hydrogen bomb (the first real plan, the ideal materials, a way to make it, and a test device) and I didn't mind reading about "some radioactive indicator which is formed with the participation of fast deuterons" (p. 304) to find out. Sorting out the physics, which can be revealed to those who care to know, with a comparison of alternate paths to the same result, reveals something far more substantial than the usual plot, based on the politics of world domination, the main concern of Stalin and the author of this book. Stalin gets some sympathy for facing a stark post-war reality, based on his comparison of what World War II did to Russia and Germany, compared to the damage which the few atomic bombs which existed in his lifetime could produce, and it might be said that he acted accordingly in attempting to maintain countervailing threats whenever he was pressured. Any notion of absolute justice, or even feasible military advantage, seems to be as elusive for the superpowers (and one still exists today) as for the petty despots and warlords that often become characters in this book about how such weapons came to be. I didn't mind the revelations about certain events: a war in Korea at a critical point in this book even makes the question of when Mao ordered the Chinese divisions into Korea an interesting question to be considered. In most of these books, I like the events which influenced Sakharov most, the best. The description of the shock wave from the November 1955 test on pages 316-7 includes, "All of this triggers an irrational yet very strong emotional impact."

              4 out of 5 stars Intriguing Analysis of a Hidden Episode.......2000-06-03

              David Holloway, a professor at Stanford, has published an intriguing history of Soviet nuclear weapons development in _Stalin_and_the_Bomb_. This volume interweaves two main themes--the technical difficulties in designing and fabricating nuclear weapons, and the political motivations commanding these efforts along with their strategic implications.

              Many of the major participants are familiar to readers of Soviet history, such as Stalin, Beria, Molotov and Khrushchev. However, the important actors in this drama were the technical experts who created these engines of destruction on behalf of their masters. Many prominent scientists labored to provide the theoretical and experimental support demanded by Stalin for rapid industrialization, laying the groundwork for the tremendous infrastructure needed to duplicate the achievements of the Manhattan Project years later. Research in radioactivity eventually led to the first spontaneous fission experiment in 1940, but this did not attract attention in the West, where restrictions began for publication on nuclear physics.

              Work on fission continued during the war, but the lack of uranium prevented much advancement. Holloway, in examining the directives during this period, found priorities unchanged following the Potsdam meeting, in contrast to the subsequent demand for uranium production after Hiroshima. He attributes Stalin's casual reaction to Truman's mention of a new weapon to skepticism regarding its importance. But the bomb as a colossal reality, not merely as an intelligence phantom, presented Stalin with a new strategic contention. His response was to show resolve in the face of anticipated intimidation coupled with orders to develop this technology independently. However, he only recognized the bomb as an instrument of Anglo-American policy, and refused to consider it militarily decisive in any potential conflict. When challenging US policy over Berlin, for example, Stalin carefully applied pressure while keeping his options open and took care not to escalate tensions beyond retraction.

              The achievement of creating an atomic bomb, given the devastating post-war depravation of the Soviet Union can be credited primarily to Igor Kurchatov, the scientific director of the nuclear project from 1942 until his death in 1960. Kurchatov was a well respected figure in Soviet physics, but he also provided a methodical and systematic orchestration to a project with many difficult sundry en-gineering obstacles to overcome, not to mention the menacing oversight by Beria, head of the NKVD. Although awarded privileged status in the post-war Soviet Union, the scientists recognized their position as predicated on successful completion of this task.

              The primary obstacle remained the inadequate supply of uranium metal until 1948 when the first production reactor was built. Uranium isotope separation and plutonium precipitation were tackled with indus-trial vigor. The gaseous diffusion facility, modeled on the Oak Ridge plant involved particular engineering difficulties to be solved before uranium enrichment could proceed. Yulii Khariton, director of the secret nu-clear research laboratory Arzamas-16, led the study on the physics of detonation. Implosion was needed to compress the plutonium a few microseconds in order to start the chain reaction. Their first atom bomb was exploded August 1949 at Semipalatinsk with a yield of 20 kilotons of TNT. Thus the Soviet Union joined the nuclear club.

              While espionage yielded useful information at the West's expense, Holloway argues that Klaus Fuchs saved the Soviets only about a year or two by giving dimensions of the plutonium implosion design. He compares the first Soviet atom bomb explosion in 1949 with the first British demonstration in 1952 despite much closer collaboration with the Americans than anything obtained clandestinely by their Soviet counterparts. Holloway also contends that the contribution by captured Germans was comparatively minor and sped the project by only a few weeks or months--principally in the area of processing uranium.

              While the bomb was being developed, Stalin initiated orders on delivery systems--bombers by Vladimir Myasishchev and rockets by Sergei Korolev. In Stalin's view, another war was inevitable within two decades, and the atomic bomb would serve as merely another policy instrument. After he died in March 1953, his successors embarked on a less confrontational rapproachement with the West.

              After the Soviets demonstrated their ability to create weapons based on nuclear fission, Truman decided to pursue the hydrogen bomb, because there was no indication that Stalin would reciprocate a policy of restraint. After some false starts, a method to use X-ray compression from fission to implode the thermonuclear charge was discovered, enabling a yield limited only by the quantity of nuclear fuel. The Mike test in November 1952 verified this concept with an ungainly 60-ton refrigerated assembly. Meanwhile, the Russians embarked on fusion independently. A young physicist, Andrei Sakarov began work in 1948 and joined the Arzamas-16 facility, developing the "Layer Cake" which resembled the boosted fission weapon, before advancing on the two-stage Super. The first thermonuclear bomb was exploded in August 1953, and apparently alarmed Kurchatov, being 20 times more power-ful than the first Soviet fission bomb four years earlier. In November 1955, the first two-stage thermonuclear bomb with a yield of 1.6 megatons was exploded.

              The first Soviet fusion explosion produced a profound change in the attitudes of politburo members about the same time that Americans realized that this new weapon represented a far more potent destructive force than the fission variety. In the aftermath of this revelation, a more conciliatory "peaceful coexistence" doctrine began to develop. Khrushchev's increased dialog with western leaders also facilitated long dormant communication between Soviet physicists and their colleagues beyond the Iron Curtain. Kurchatov's visit in 1956 was well received at Harwell, the British power station. From this small privileged enclave, a civilizing influence was nurtured within a totalitarian society. Eventually, Sakarov went beyond the usual misgivings of Soviet society to become a dissident and human rights advocate.

              _Stalin_ concludes that the arms race between the two blocks was contingent solely on Stalin's intentions. Holloway believes that in the post-war years the bomb probably restrained the use of force but also made Stalin less cooperative to avoid seeming weak.

              The book is not without flaws--some identifications to the KGB presumably belong to NKVD, the American arsenal in June 1946 lists a grossly exces-sive nine atom bombs taken from the _Bulletin of_Atomic_Scientists_ compared to _The Winning_Weapon_ by Gregg Herken which identified a single partially disassembled weapon in the inventory in January 1947, and an annoying transliteration of two Cyrillic characters as "ia" and "iu" instead of "ya" and "yu" as more conventionally employed. Otherwise, _Stalin_ is a tremendous addition to our knowledge of Russian capabilities in physics instigated by a repressive regime at the dawn of the nuclear age.
              Stalin And The Bomb The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy 1939-1956
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                Stalin And The Bomb The Soviet Union and Atomic Energy 1939-1956
                David Holloway
                Manufacturer: Yale University Press
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                ASIN: B000ORO7TE

                Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City (Urban and Industrial Environments)
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                • Regional Development
                Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City (Urban and Industrial Environments)
                Keith Pezzoli
                Manufacturer: The MIT Press
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                Binding: Paperback

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                ASIN: 0262661144

                Book Description

                In many areas of the world, environmental degradation in and around human settlements is undermining prospects for both socioeconomic justice and ecological sustainability. To explore the issues involved in this worldwide problem, Keith Pezzoli focuses on a dramatic instance of conflict that grew out of the unauthorized penetration of human settlements into the Ajusco greenbelt zone, a vital part of Mexico City's ecological reserve.

                The heart of the book is the story of what happened when residents of the Ajusco settlements fought relocation by proposing that the areas be transformed into productive ecology settlements. Pezzoli draws upon urban and regional planning theory and practice to examine biophysical as well as ethical and social sides of the story, and he uses the Mexican experience to identify planning strategies to link economy, ecology, and community in sustainable development.

                Customer Reviews:

                5 out of 5 stars Regional Development.......2000-04-22

                Pezzoli's book offers an insightful and applicable understanding of sustainable development through regional activism. This book is appropriate for scholars, academics, activists, and developers but is easily readable by all peoples.
                Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability - The Case of Mexico City
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                  Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability - The Case of Mexico City
                  K Pezzoli
                  Manufacturer: The MIT Press
                  ProductGroup: Book
                  Binding: Paperback
                  ASIN: B000OR74HQ
                  Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City (Urban and Industrial Environments)
                  Average customer rating: Not rated
                    Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City (Urban and Industrial Environments)
                    Keith Pezzoli
                    Manufacturer: The MIT Press
                    ProductGroup: Book
                    Binding: Paperback
                    ASIN: B000OR0JHI

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