Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science, 9: Finance (Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science)
Average customer rating: 4 out of 5 stars
  • Excellent overview of current research
Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science, 9: Finance (Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science)

Manufacturer: North Holland
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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  1. Handbook of the Economics of Finance: Corporate Finance Volume 1A Handbook of the Economics of Finance: Corporate Finance Volume 1A

ASIN: 044489084X

Book Description

Hardbound. The Handbook of Finance is a primary reference work for financial economics and financial modeling students, faculty and practitioners. The expository treatments are suitable for masters and PhD students, with discussions leading from first principles to current research, with reference to important research works in the area. The Handbook is intended to be a synopsis of the current state of various aspects of the theory of financial economics and its application to important financial problems. The coverage consists of thirty-three chapters written by leading experts in the field. The contributions are in two broad categories: capital markets and corporate finance.

Customer Reviews:

4 out of 5 stars Excellent overview of current research.......2000-05-04

I found this to be a very useful overview of the current (before 1995) finance literature in almost all the topics in Finance in which I have an interest. There are very few places a Ph.D. student can go to find all the key literature on a topic and have it be reviewed by some of the best minds in the field.

Global Supply Management: A Guide to International Purchasing
Average customer rating: 4 out of 5 stars
  • Perhaps Locke wanted to be TOO comprehensive
  • A must-read for anyone involved in international procurement
Global Supply Management: A Guide to International Purchasing
Dick Locke
Manufacturer: McGraw-Hill
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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  1. Purchasing and Supply Chain Management Purchasing and Supply Chain Management
  2. International Financial Management (with Xtra!, World Map, and InfoTrac ) International Financial Management (with Xtra!, World Map, and InfoTrac )

ASIN: 0786307978

Book Description

More and more companies, regardless of their size, are required to purchase materials outside the United States. Many buyers and others purchasing professional lack the skills or the confidence to be successful in international purchasing or to manage foreign suppliers and the supply chain that results. Too often, buyers are obligated to rely on expensive subsidiaries, representatives, and brokers rather than deal directly with international suppliers themselves. Now, Global Supply Management explains the techniques that leading-edge companies use to get the best from their suppliers around the world. Global Supply Management is a tool for teaching purchasing professional the essentials of culture.

Customer Reviews:

3 out of 5 stars Perhaps Locke wanted to be TOO comprehensive.......2004-06-01

I just loved reading this book because I knew very few things about how to behave with international suppliers.The foremost target of this book is giving you good advices in order to deal with suppliers but the problem is that it's focused on the US point of view so it's rather difficult to explicitate this into you own point of view.These advices range from cultural differences to law and currency, aside from logistics;that's why when you've read the last page you feel a little confused about the real topic of it.
The book has really good appendix even if a little outdated.
Buying Dick Locke's book would be worthwhile only at 2 conditions:
-You are American
-You are absolutely new to Supply Management

5 out of 5 stars A must-read for anyone involved in international procurement.......1997-10-23

Dick Locke, founder of the San Francisco-based Global Procurement Group, is a leading authority in the field of international purchasing. He shares his expertise in his new book, Global Supply Management. His clear and concise writing demystifies the topic of international purchasing and presents it as a manageable business process.

Locke concludes each chapter with a summary of key points and includes a number of "tests of understanding" throughout the book, both of which serve to reinforce the topic he has just covered. I also found Locke's practice of including references and resources at the end of each chapter to be more useful than a general compilation appearing in an appendix.

That's enough about style; let's talk content. The book begins with an outline of some of the challenges that face international purchasers - challenges that even experienced domestic buyers may not be aware of. Locke then takes his readers through a detailed explanation of the cultural differences that affect international purchasing. In his approach to this topic, he doesn't provide a collection of cultural cliches, but rather draws upon the work of well-known researchers and applies their findings to real-life business situations.

After identifying the cultural differences and their potential impact upon international commerce, Locke offers practical advice for overcoming these differences, and cautions about the dangers of stereotyping countries. He includes useful communication tips concerning the use of language, such as the importance of checking for understanding throughout meetings with others whose native language is not English. The book also covers the differences in legal systems and contracting practices that the international buyer should understand. The author explains how cultural issues will affect both the form and the content of international purchasing agreements.

I found one of the book's real strengths to be its very thorough coverage of foreign exchange issues. Back in the early '80s, I was buying industrial parts from Germany and Italy and was using a French freight forwarder to handle the shipping details. In each case, we had contracted to pay in the seller's currency. Things worked out well, and we generally benefited from these arrangements. I would like to be able to tell you that we did so as part of a carefully crafted plan to manage our financial resources. However, the fact is that we were simply lucky due to the relative strength of the dollar at the time. By agreeing to pay in the sellers' currencies, we had assumed the "exchange risk," a concept that I understand much more fully after having read Locke's book. He dedicates a full seven chapters to foreign exchange issues and does so in such a way-with liberal use of his tests of understanding-as to make the topic understandable to even a nonfinancial manager.

Customs and logistics matters also present their own sets of challenges to the international purchaser. As the book explains, a purchaser does not have to be an expert in these areas to be successful in global supply management. However, buyers do need to know the factors that are involved and be able to communicate with the experts. Three chapters of the book address these issues and give pointers that are designed to minimize the costs as well as the hassles and delays that an inexperienced international buyer might encounter.

The book also provides solid advice on other choices that the international buyer must make, such as: paying the supplier (letters of credit vs. documents against credit vs. credit terms); purchasing channels (international purchasing offices vs. U.S. sales offices of foreign companies vs. buying direct from the factory); and supplier selection and management.

The book concludes with three appendices that give answers to the tests of understanding, provide a supplier survey that can be used in the supplier selection process, and supply buyers' guides containing key information about 14 countries that are, or are about to become, major exporters to the United States.

Locke has managed to pack a wealth of useful information about international purchasing into his book. I highly recommend Global Supply Management to anyone who is, or should be, involved in international purchasing. It is an excellent addition to a purchasing professional's strategic tool kit.

-Brian Caffrey is president of Solutions Consulting Group, a Jackson Heights, N.Y., consulting practice that specializes in re-engineering and continuous improvement of purchasing and supply management processes. Contact him at bcaffrey@solcon.com.

As published in Electornic Buyers' News, CMP Media Inc. June 10, 1996

Crime and Community in Ciceronian Rome
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    Crime and Community in Ciceronian Rome
    Andrew M. Riggsby
    Manufacturer: University of Texas Press
    ProductGroup: Book
    Binding: Paperback

    RomeRome | Ancient | History | Subjects | Books
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    MedievalMedieval | Italy | Europe | History | Subjects | Books
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    ASIN: 0292770995

    Book Description

    "This is an extraordinary work of scholarship.... By examining in detail the arena where general discussions about 'crime' would be most likely to occur, Riggsby can make a strong argument that the general concept of 'crime,' so frequently discussed in our own society, is simply insignificant in Cicero's world. This is a new, penetrating, and fundamental insight for our understanding of Roman society in this period."

    —Christopher P. Craig, author of Form and Argument in Cicero's Speeches

    In the late Roman Republic, acts of wrongdoing against individuals were prosecuted in private courts, while the iudicia publica (literally "public courts") tried cases that involved harm to the community as a whole. In this book, Andrew M. Riggsby thoroughly investigates the types of cases heard by the public courts to offer a provocative new understanding of what has been described as "crime" in the Roman Republic and to illuminate the inherently political nature of the Roman public courts.

    Through the lens of Cicero's forensic oratory, Riggsby examines the four major public offenses: ambitus (bribery of the electorate), de sicariis et veneficiis (murder), vis (riot), and repetundae (extortion by provincial administrators). He persuasively argues that each of these offenses involves a violation of the proper relations between the state and the people, as interpreted by orators and juries. He concludes that in the late Roman Republic the only crimes were political crimes.

    Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales
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      Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales

      Manufacturer: Springer
      ProductGroup: Book
      Binding: Hardcover

      FlowersFlowers | Plants | Biological Sciences | Science | Subjects | Books
      Soil ScienceSoil Science | Agricultural Sciences | Science | Subjects | Books
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      ASIN: 0792349946

      Book Description

      Integrated studies on the assessment and improvement of soil and water quality have to deal almost inevitably with issues of scale, since the spatial support of measurements, the model calculations and the presentation of results usually vary. This book contains the selected and edited proceedings of a workshop devoted to issues of scale entitled: `Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales', which was held in 1996 in Wageningen. It is intended for environmental researchers, scientists and MSc and PhD students.
      Part 1 covers current issues and methodologies with scale related soil and water quality research. Part 2 covers agroecological and hydrological case studies in which scale transforms form an important part of the research chain. Part 3 consists of papers focusing on methodologies and up and downscaling. Part 4 contains review papers based on modellers' and statisticians' considerations as well as the papers and posters presented during the workshop. Part 5 consists of short research notes.

      Liquid Crystals: Nature's Delicate Phase of Matter, Second Edition.
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        Liquid Crystals: Nature's Delicate Phase of Matter, Second Edition.
        Peter J. Collings
        Manufacturer: Princeton University Press
        ProductGroup: Book
        Binding: Hardcover

        CrystallographyCrystallography | Chemistry | Science | Subjects | Books
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        ASIN: 0691086729

        Book Description

        Liquid crystals are a phase of matter critical both in many recent scientific developments in biology, chemistry, and physics and in applications such as computer displays, electronic books, and new thermometers. This fully illustrated book builds on basic scientific concepts from biology, chemistry, and physics to explore the full range of the broad and interdisciplinary field of liquid crystal science.

        After a brief introduction to liquid crystals, the text sketches the history of research into this phase of matter, beginning with its discovery. Interesting in its own right, this history also demonstrates the crucial role that technological applications play in promoting scientific research.

        The behavior of the various liquid crystalline phases is described in detail, with an emphasis on the electrical and optical properties so important for applications. Applications are then covered, with in-depth attention given to how liquid crystals are used in computer-screen displays. Chapters dealing with liquid crystalline phases formed in solutions, the liquid crystal phases of polymers, and the biological significance of liquid crystals explore the huge range of phenomena associated with liquid crystals--from new high-strength fibers to the frontiers of cell-membrane research. Finally, there is a chapter highlighting current theoretical knowledge about why liquid crystals exist and why they have the properties they do.

        In this second edition, many portions of the highly praised first edition have been thoroughly revised and expanded to incorporate the tremendous theoretical and applied research advances made over the last decade. The result is an up-to-date and comprehensive description of liquid crystal science and technology at the introductory level. Students and researchers in a variety of fields will find this book an ideal entry to a highly productive area of inquiry.

        Early geophysical papers of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. Compiled and printed, 1947; second printing, 1956. Papers presented at meetings of the Society of Petroleum Geophysicists 1929 through 1935, reprinted from Physics and Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, and Journal of the Society of Petroleum Geophysicists.
        Average customer rating: Not rated
          Early geophysical papers of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists. Compiled and printed, 1947; second printing, 1956. Papers presented at meetings of the Society of Petroleum Geophysicists 1929 through 1935, reprinted from Physics and Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, and Journal of the Society of Petroleum Geophysicists.
          Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
          Manufacturer: Tulsa, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, c.
          ProductGroup: Book
          Binding: Hardcover
          ASIN: B000OUR9R8
          Physics for Geologists
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            Physics for Geologists
            Richard Chapman
            Manufacturer: CRC
            ProductGroup: Book
            Binding: Hardcover

            GeneticsGenetics | Evolution | Science | Subjects | Books
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            ASIN: 0415288045

            Book Description

            All geologists need a broad understanding of science to understand the processes they study and analytical techniques. In particular, geology students need to grasp the basic physics behind these processes, which this book provides in plain language and simple mathematics. It gives the reader information that will enable him to ascertain the validity of what he reads in scientific literature. Water, an essential component of geology, is emphasized, and many published errors on water are discernible when armed with this text. This updated edition discusses a wide range of topics, including electromagnetic radiation from optics to gamma rays, atomic structure and age-dating, heat and heat flow, electricity and magnetism, stress and strain, sea waves, acoustics, and fluids and fluid flow. The book gives basic definitions and dimensions and also some warnings about misunderstanding mathematical statistics, particularly of linear regression analysis, and unenlightened computation.

            Physics for Geologists. 2nd Edition
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              Physics for Geologists. 2nd Edition
              Richard E. Chapman
              Manufacturer: Publisher Unknown
              ProductGroup: Book
              Binding: Paperback
              ASIN: B000VLEVP8

              The Einstein Theory of Relativity: With Illustrations and Photos Taken Directly from the Einstein Relativity Film
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                The Einstein Theory of Relativity: With Illustrations and Photos Taken Directly from the Einstein Relativity Film
                Garrett P. Serviss
                Manufacturer: Lost Arts Media
                ProductGroup: Book
                Binding: Paperback

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                ASIN: 1590162072

                Book Description

                Albert Einstein was not that good at mathematics. His expertise was in his extraordinary intuitiveness in regards to physics. It was no surprise that he could describe his theories on general and special relativity in simple and concise language that even the lay person could understand. The concepts developed by Albert Einstein in the early 20th century have forced us to change our approach to physics and matter, and to view the universe from a different perspective. The beauty of many of Einstein's theories is that they are, for the most part, easy to understand, and don't require a degree in mathematics to properly comprehend.

                Even in the twenty-first century Einstein continues to be a symbol of advanced thinking in physics. The forces of nature which are all around us, and which many of us take for granted, are in fact an astonishing marvel of almost divine illumination. It is this inspiration which weaves the fabric of the reality in which we all live. We are able to observe the effects of these natural forces on our physical existence, but it wasn't until Einstein grasped the concepts of relativity that the fundamental nature of the cosmos, and thus of our understanding of our place in the universe, began to manifest itself.

                This book is especially helpful in understanding Einstein because it wasn't written as a book about his theories, but rather as a companion book to a popular photo-play, that was made about Einstein's work in the 1920s. The Einstein film had the acclaim of being the first popular introduction to his theories for many people. This small book was created to give viewers a better understanding, in a more leisurely fashion, of Einstein's most basic premises. While the film version has been for the most part lost to history, many of the nearly 50 illustrations found in this book were taken from the film, making it an invaluable asset independent of the film. ISBN 1-59016-207-2 o 108 pages o 6 x 9 o tradepaper o illustrated.

                The Breaking Point: Eight Stories (Portway Large Print Series)
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                  The Breaking Point: Eight Stories (Portway Large Print Series)
                  Daphne du Maurier
                  Manufacturer: G K Hall & Co
                  ProductGroup: Book
                  Binding: Hardcover

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                  ASIN: 0745171885
                  Breaking Eight
                  Average customer rating: 5 out of 5 stars
                  • Great Book!
                  • Outstanding!
                  Breaking Eight
                  Maya Cointreau
                  Manufacturer: Authors Choice Press
                  ProductGroup: Book
                  Binding: Paperback

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                  ASIN: 0595136508

                  Book Description

                  Two women, worlds apart, stumble through life in this humorous look at the ironies of adulthood in the nineties. A stunningly clever expose on relationships, death and the establishment.

                  Customer Reviews:

                  5 out of 5 stars Great Book!.......2001-03-25

                  Even though the main characters are women, I loved reading this book. It really shows what it's like to live in America now, and had a lot of insights on modern culture (good and bad alike.) It's the best first novel I've read in years -- clever without being annoyingly witty or trite. I definitely reccomend it to anyone.

                  5 out of 5 stars Outstanding!.......2001-02-20

                  This book was so funny, I laughed out loud so many times, people on the NY subway probably thought I was a bit loony... It had a lot to say about youth culture today, and society in general. A very philosophical, pleasing first-novel. A must read!!
                  THE BREAKING POINT: EIGHT STORIES.
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                    THE BREAKING POINT: EIGHT STORIES.
                    Daphne. Du Mariner
                    Manufacturer: Victor Gollancz
                    ProductGroup: Book
                    Binding: Hardcover
                    ASIN: B000VJB964
                    Eight Highly Successful Tips for Breaking into the Modeling and Commercial Business
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                      Eight Highly Successful Tips for Breaking into the Modeling and Commercial Business
                      Jake Pena
                      Manufacturer: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company
                      ProductGroup: Book
                      Binding: Paperback

                      GeneralGeneral | Job Hunting & Careers | Business & Investing | Subjects | Books
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                      ASIN: 0840384637
                      An analysis of dimensions that affect the development of code-breaking ability in eight beginning reading programs
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                        An analysis of dimensions that affect the development of code-breaking ability in eight beginning reading programs
                        Isabel L Beck
                        Manufacturer: Learning Research and Development Center, University of Pittsburgh
                        ProductGroup: Book
                        Binding: Unknown Binding

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                        ASIN: B00070TBG2

                        The Northern Crusades: Second Edition
                        Average customer rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars
                        • COMPANION TO TEUTONIC ORDER
                        • Interesting overview of a relatively unknown period of history
                        • History as it should be written!
                        • No need to read more....
                        • Good Survery of little know part of European History
                        The Northern Crusades: Second Edition
                        Eric Christiansen
                        Manufacturer: Penguin (Non-Classics)
                        ProductGroup: Book
                        Binding: Paperback

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                        ASIN: 0140266534

                        Customer Reviews:

                        4 out of 5 stars COMPANION TO TEUTONIC ORDER.......2006-02-28

                        THE NORTHERN CRUSADE IS AN EXCELLENT BOOK TO UNDERSTAND THE LITTLE KNOWN CRUSADES IN GERMANY, POLAND AND LITHUANIA. THIS BOOK, AND THE BOOK TITLED, THE TEUTONIC KNIGHTS, GIVES AN EXCELLENT OVERVIEW OF THIS CRUSADE IN NORTHERN EUROPE

                        5 out of 5 stars Interesting overview of a relatively unknown period of history .......2006-01-06

                        _The Northern Crusades_ by Eric Christiansen is an attempt to shed light on a relatively poorly known aspect of European medieval and early modern history, that of the Northern Crusades. Less well known than the Spanish Crusade and certainly less known to the average non-specialist reader than the Crusades in the Middle East, the Northern Crusades of the Baltic Sea region can essentially be summed up as the struggles of Scandinavian rulers - chiefly those of Denmark and Sweden - and German military monks (the Teutonic Knights) to conquer and settle non-Christian Finland, Estonia, and Prussia before coming into conflict with the considerably more powerful and organized eastern empires of Orthodox Novgorod and pagan Lithuania (and later Catholic Poland). The period lasted roughly from 1147 (the launch of the First Northern Crusade, against the Baltic Slavs) to at least as far as the book is concerned 1562 (the partition and secularization of Livonia, ending the rule of the Teutonic Knights there, their last outpost).

                        Though less celebrated than the other crusades, the Northern Crusades were far more successful. Initially many areas were only thinly Christian after their conquest, as for centuries in many regions for instance Teutonic outposts existed like "knots in a net," a net that was full of holes and encompassed areas where "alien subjects lived unredeemed lives within sight of the steeple" and castle, thin scraps of Christian settlement squeezed between the coast and primeval forest, though in the end vast areas became and remain Christian to this day. In stark contrast to the efforts of the Crusaders in the Middle East, the Order and the Scandinavians were able to establish lasting settlements in formerly very hostile areas in the wilderness, lands with difficult terrain, fearsome winter weather, impassable roads (if they existed), and unwelcoming natives. The Order for example established over ninety towns and a thousand villages in Prussia and Livonia. Sweden was able in the course of two centuries to transform Finland from a mainly non-Christian, illiterate, and ungoverned world into a society recognizable as European and Catholic. Even though these outside powers lost the lands that they colonized, they still held them much longer than the Crusaders held the lands of the Middle East (Denmark held on in Estonia for more than a century, the Teutonic Order kept Prussia and Livonia for nearly 300 years, and Sweden remained in Finland for nearly 600 years).

                        In this book Christiansen sought to show what the world of north-east Europe was like before the Crusades, chronicle the history of the Crusades themselves, detail a little about the personalities involved, detail in particular the history, role, goals, and organization of the Teutonic Knights, the reasons for the Crusades, and the theological debates and political struggles associated with the Northern Crusades as well as the concept of crusade in and of itself. I found the book interesting and fairly well written though a bit dry and sometimes difficult going in parts. I was hindered a little by the many very unfamiliar place names and had to reference many times one or more of the six maps at the beginning of the book, though by the end of the book several places I had once never heard of were quite familiar.

                        Particularly striking to me in the book was though that particularly in the early centuries the religious aspect of the Northern Crusade was important, in the end the wars were basically examples of imperialism and fought for temporal reasons, for resources and for geopolitical considerations. Though Christiansen cautioned in his concluding chapter that one should not view the wars as fought for "matters of interest disguised as matters of conscience," and indeed until close to the end the religious pull of the Northern Crusade drew in outside forces, whole retinues of warriors or individual knights, absolutely vital to the survival of in particular the Teutonic Knights, it is obvious that religious considerations were but one of many for those who fought. Often political control could only be established by changing the religious affiliation of the inhabitants, owing to the general lack of any other shared cultural identity between ruler and ruled; what type of Christianity prevailed in a region (Latin or Greek) was a way of staking political claims (important in the continuing struggle in later centuries between the Latin Crusade lands and Orthodox Novgorod). In Sweden new lands gained in Finland meant more people paying the tithe (good for the Swedish church and for the Pope in Rome to fund his various goals in Italy) and more fiefs and offices for the more adventurous of the lesser nobility. The Danes went to war in the 1100s as much or more to stop Slavic piracy and slave raids than anything else. The rich fur, feather, wax, amber, fish, whale, and seal resources of the Baltic Sea region were highly sought after by many in northern Europe; the "fur-clad, pickled-herring eaters lolling on the feather-beds" of Western Europe (mainly those of the Hanseatic League) were one of the chief beneficiaries of the Northern Crusades. The Teutonic Knights towards the end of their existence in Prussia were often more concerned with ruling than with crusading and many were hardly monastic, with new ordinances forbidding them to hoard money, keep packs of hounds, to use private seals, to wear fine clothing, and otherwise act as traditional feudal lords appear to have often been ignored.

                        A very interesting aspect of the book was as noted the discussion of the nature and organization of the Teutonic Order. Christiansen described its existence as both a military organization and a monastic order. From the Order's beginning to near its end there was a continual debate about whether or not one could be a monk and a warrior, if Christianity could be spread at the point of a sword, what the nature of a just war is, and if even the original papal orders establishing the Order were legally or spiritually correct.

                        5 out of 5 stars History as it should be written!.......2005-07-19

                        Eric Christiansen's 'The Northern Crusades,' is much more than just a global over-view of a particular time and place. With mind-numbing erudition and almost painful attention to detail, Mr. Christiansen has single-handedly resurrected an extremely important chapter in the European story, that of the Baltic 'Crusades.' Not only does he give the reader fact upon fact, but more importantly, he has laid out the ideological background as to why thousands of Europe's noble sons sought glory and salvation in the crusade for the North.

                        The work's strongest part is its beginning. Christiansen put downs the base: where did these 'crusades' take place and against who. He meticulously outlines Baltic geography and ethnography, although the latter runs a little thin. Then, the story travels eastwards, starting from the very first crusades which the Danes took against their Wendish neighbors. What was later to become a defined struggle of the 'faith' against the 'heathen,' was not so at the beginning. Christiansen points out that the Danes were more interested in securing their coastline from Wendish pirate attacks than converting the pagan to the Roman church. Soon though, as the Wendish coastline was secured, land-hungry German nobility sought to expand eastwards. This drang nach osten soon acquired a singularly religous flavor. Meeting the strong and vibrant pagan cultures of Prussia and Lithuania, the German knights realized that they couldn't defeat such stalwarts on their own. A fanatical ideology was needed to feed the war machine. Christiansen details how a monastic war-machine was built up to combat the heathen. These German knights needed to know that what they were fighting was a 'holy war' and who they were fighting against were abominations in the eyes of the true faith. Thus was born that most foul of medieval brotherhoods, the Teutonic Knights. Armed monks dedicated to the spreading of the Roman church, they followed a crusading creed not unlike their 20th century descendants, the Waffen SS. They blindly believed in their own cultural and spiritual superiority over the non-Christian peoples of Prussia, Lithuania, Livonia (present-day Latvia) and Estonia and thus had no qualms about slaughtering, pillaging and raping, all in the name of the Cross. Christansen states that the knights (and their mercenary friends from all across Europe) were motivated to participate in such atrocities by the promise of absolution of sins. The Papacy had longed preached the gospel of atonement through action even if that meant singularly un-Christian action.

                        Ironically though the Teutonic Knights heavy-handed tactics eventually backfired. While eventually subduing the Letts to some degree, and all but completely exterminating the ancient Prussians, the Lithuanians remained firm and independent. When they eventually took up the cross for political reasons (the last European people to 'convert' to Christianity), they did so only superficially, their indigenous culture and language remaining strong to the present day. If the Teutonic Knights had truly practiced what they claimed to believe, Christianity might have taken a much stronger hold in this region than it did.

                        With the prickly question of the moral merits of these crusades, Christiansen strives to remain unbiased, presenting both sides without preference, warts and all. The chapter on the most significant crusade---the Lithuanian---is comprehensive and the gives the facts, but a more in-depth examination of Lithuanian paganism would have been a helpful addition. Moreover, the extremely important battle of Grunwald/Tannenberg in 1410 which effectively castrated the Teutonic Order, is given only cursory discussion. Despite the his objective tone, Christiansen attempts somewhat to rehabilitate the Order. He attempts to insinuate that despite the barbarity of the Order, it did bring 'civilization' (read here Catholic Christianity) to the Baltic. This 'we helped the savages by offering them baptism or the sword' argument is specious indeed, not to mention, anything but humane. Christiansen implies that the pagan cultures were even more barbaric than that of the knights, thus forced conversion and cultural annihilation was, in a way, the right thing to do.

                        Christiansen ends 'The Northern Crusades' with an interesting aside about the crusade's ominous and unsuccessful clash with Orthodox Russia. Here, Western Europe's crusade lost its ideological raison d'etre. How could the Christian knight fight against his fellow (albeit very different) Christian brother? The Northern Crusade failed to provide an answer to that very prickly question which has continued to dog Europe up to the present time: Does Russia belong to the idea of Europe?

                        Another fascinating element of Christiansen's work is his examination of the ideological and theological wars which waged within Western Christendom over the idea of 'crusade.' At the Council of Constance, Western theologians supported the idea of force against the non-Christian. The heathen must be violently stripped from his/her idolatrous surroundings (on pain of death even) before true proselytizing can begin. First, the sword, then the Gospel. Christiansen mentions that Polish lawyer, Paul Wlodkowic, posed a heady challenge: Is the true Christian ever justified in using force to spread the Good News? As apt a question then as now, as the West once again seeks conversion (this time to 'democracy') at the point of a gun.

                        Despite its shallow patches, 'The Northern Crusades' is a must-have for those interested in the history of this forgotten corner of Europe. What makes it stand apart from others written about this topic is Christiansen's colorful and sophisticated language. While you'll flaunder sometimes in the sheer mass (oft-times morass!) of detail, the language always pulls you through to the next page. Always erudite, Christiansen does go over the top in places. 'Bureaucracies have their jargons, and the eloquent Italian lawyers who formulated papal policy in the thirteenth century were presumably able to sleep the sounder for knowing that the chancery clerks would convey instructions in this rhythmical flow of officalese.' Ouch! But luckily, the good outnumbers the bad. About the Teutonic Sword Brothers in Latvia, 'They were dumb dogs, but at least they were able to bite.'

                        'The Northern Crusades' is anything but a dumb dog and more than that, one full of unexpected bites. Read it and learn how history should be written!

                        5 out of 5 stars No need to read more...........2004-01-12

                        This was the only book I ever read on Crusades along the Baltic states and after reading this book, I realized that I really don't have to read too much more. This book proves to be very nicely written, well researched and clearly unbias in nature. The writing prose flows very nicely and I was pretty much engrossed by the subject, material and information the book provided. Since it covered a subject matter not well known in the United States, we can considered it as a blessing that there is such a book like this to enlightened us. For any military historians out there, this is a "must have" book for your library.

                        5 out of 5 stars Good Survery of little know part of European History.......2003-11-20

                        While I remember being taught about the Teutonic Knights and Hanseatic League, I really knew very little about Baltic history. Eric Christiansen has done a great job in filling in the blank spaces of medieval history. My only complaint is that, at times, the author was a little too academic, but the wealth of information contained in this THE NORTHERN CRUSADES more than makes up for any minor complaints this reviewer might have. Finally, this history lays out the foundation for understanding the 20th century conflicts between East and West.
                        The Northern Crusades : Second Edition
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                          The Northern Crusades : Second Edition
                          Eric Christiansen
                          Manufacturer: Penguin (Non-Classics)
                          ProductGroup: Book
                          Binding: Paperback
                          ASIN: B000OIXEN8

                          The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900
                          Average customer rating: 5 out of 5 stars
                          • Impressive insights on the international power plays
                          The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900
                          John C. Weaver
                          Manufacturer: McGill-Queen's University Press
                          ProductGroup: Book
                          Binding: Hardcover

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                          5 out of 5 stars Impressive insights on the international power plays.......2003-08-09

                          The Great Land Rush And The Making Of The Modern World, 1650-1900 by John C. Weaver (Professor of History, McMaster University) knowledgeably examines how the European appropriation and distribution of land in the New World affected nations and civilizations. Covering the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, The Great Land Rush And The Making Of The Modern World, 1650-1900 is a thoughtful, scholarly, and confidently recommended analysis offering impressive insights on the international power plays and specific human interactions that shaped two and a half centuries of colonial era history.
                          The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900.(Book Review): An article from: The Canadian Geographer
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                            The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900.(Book Review): An article from: The Canadian Geographer
                            Graeme Wynn
                            Manufacturer: Canadian Association of Geographers
                            ProductGroup: Book
                            Binding: Digital
                            ASIN: B000A0HIKA
                            Release Date: 2006-07-14

                            Book Description

                            This digital document is an article from The Canadian Geographer, published by Canadian Association of Geographers on March 22, 2005. The length of the article is 958 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

                            Citation Details
                            Title: The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900.(Book Review)
                            Author: Graeme Wynn
                            Publication: The Canadian Geographer (Refereed)
                            Date: March 22, 2005
                            Publisher: Canadian Association of Geographers
                            Volume: 49 Issue: 1 Page: 120(2)

                            Article Type: Book Review

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                            John C. Weaver, The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900.(John Clarke, Land, Power, and Economics on the Frontier of Upper Canada ... Review): An article from: Labour/Le Travail
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                              John C. Weaver, The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900.(John Clarke, Land, Power, and Economics on the Frontier of Upper Canada ... Review): An article from: Labour/Le Travail
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                              Manufacturer: Canadian Committee on Labour History
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                              Binding: Digital
                              ASIN: B000ALPN1K
                              Release Date: 2006-07-14

                              Book Description

                              This digital document is an article from Labour/Le Travail, published by Canadian Committee on Labour History on March 22, 2005. The length of the article is 2268 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

                              Citation Details
                              Title: John C. Weaver, The Great Land Rush and the Making of the Modern World, 1650-1900.(John Clarke, Land, Power, and Economics on the Frontier of Upper Canada )(Book Review)
                              Author: Gary Teeple
                              Publication: Labour/Le Travail (Refereed)
                              Date: March 22, 2005
                              Publisher: Canadian Committee on Labour History
                              Issue: 55 Page: 262(4)

                              Article Type: Book Review

                              Distributed by Thomson Gale

                              Biomes of Earth: Terrestrial, Aquatic, and Human-Dominated
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                                Understanding biomes--the communities of nature that share a similar climate and plant and animal life--is key to a student's success in biology, geography, and environmental studies. This book provides a thorough and accessible description of the climate, plant and animal life, origins and human impacts, and history of the scientific exploration of every major biome in the world. Chapters on the "human-dominated" biomes--urban areas and agricultural regions--illustrate how these frequently ignored communities are also an important part of the global environment. More than 90 maps and photographs help the reader visualize the extent and characteristics of each biome. This book divides the world's biomes into four principal types: Terrestrial, Freshwater, Marine, and Human-dominated. Comprehensive discussions enable readers to obtain a thorough understanding of each biome, and the convenient one-volume format allows easy comparison between aspects of each region. For example, a student can compare the typical characteristics of flora and fauna of the Continental Shelf and Deep Sea biomes, or the climates of the Tropical Rainforest and the Tundra. Current references to the latest scientific research provide a convenient starting point for those interested in more intensive investigations on such issues as the human impact on the distribution of natural biomes and the loss of biodiversity in the world.
                                Biomes of Earth: Terrestrial, Aquatic, and Human-Dominated
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                                  Manufacturer: Greenwood Press
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                                  ASIN: B000OTUWMS

                                  The Sufficient Community: Putting People First
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                                    Chris Wright
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