Tourism, Globalization And Development: Responsible Tourism Planning

Book Description

Tourism is booming worldwide--it makes up a massive part of the global economy. Donald G. Reid's book focuses on tourism in developing and less-developed countries. He examines its social and environmental impact and offers a timely critical analysis of the part it plays in globalization. Many of the world's poorest countries rely on the tourist trade for the major part of their income. However, all too often, the local communities involved do not reap the benefits of this trade. Developers often exclude local communities from the initial planning and decision-making process, viewing them either as a benign resource to be exploited, or as an impediment. Reid presents a rigourous critique of corporate-led tourism development and lays out alternatives that would give planning and control to the local communities involved. He argues that only in this way can the vastly differing requirments of each community be addressed, and social and environmental issues can be dealt with properly. The book includes a discussion of macro planning theory, and offers three case studies of locally controlled projects that show clearly how communities developing a tourist trade can benefit from it.

Customer Reviews:

Summary of the book.......2006-03-31

The book is a practical guide to effective tourism planning and development, especially in developing and less-developed countries. Its focus is to criticize the dominant tourism planning approach that is financially-oriented and assert the importance of considering the local community and the environment in the tourism planning process. Mainly, the book has (1) a theoretical part explaining tourism planning theories and criticizing the present tourism approaches and (2) a practical part providing a holistic or interdisciplinary planning approach for effective tourism planning. The book provides background on how globalization, capitalism and politics affect the planning process and outcomes of tourism. It also sheds light on the point that tourism is mostly planned and viewed from the economic perspective and is more concerned with increasing incomes for the country's development. This book is a research project supported with three case studies that demonstrate how tourism is planned and practiced. The main aims of the book are to provide a critique of present tourism models, to offer an effective model for tourism planning, and more importantly to show the need for a shift to a holistic tourism planning approach including the local community who is not benefiting and ignored in tourism planning process.

Book Description

Abortion, affirmative action, the "right to die," pornography and free speech, homosexuality and sex discrimination: as eagerly as the Supreme Court's rulings on these hot issues are awaited and as intently as they're studied, they never seem to settle anything once and for all. But something is settled in the process--in the incremental approach--as Cass Sunstein shows us in this instructive book.

One of America's preeminent constitutional scholars, Sunstein mounts a defense of the most striking characteristic of modern constitutional law: the inclination to decide one case at a time. Examining various controversies, he shows how--and why--the Court has avoided broad rulings on issues from the legitimacy of affirmative action to the "right to die," and in doing so has fostered rather than foreclosed public debate on these difficult topics. He offers an original perspective on the right of free speech and the many novel questions raised by Congress's efforts to regulate violent and sexual materials on new media such as the Internet and cable television. And on the relationship between the Constitution and homosexuality and sex discrimination, he reveals how the Court has tried to ensure against second-class citizenship--and the public expression of contempt for anyone--while leaving a degree of flexibility to the political process.

One Case at a Time also lays out, and celebrates, the remarkable constellation of rights--involving both liberty and equality--that now commands a consensus in American law. An authoritative guide to the Supreme Court, the book offers a new understanding of the American Constitution, and of the relationship between democracy and constitutionalism, and between rights and self-government.

Customer Reviews:

Best Described as a Law Review Article Retaining Fluid.......2005-11-12

The book begins with the presentation of an interesting thesis: courts should act minimally when deciding cases. The author aptly examines this proposition of minimalism, breaking it into component dimensions of deep vs. shallow and broad vs. narrow. Minimalism is attractive because it allows for democratic deliberation, is an acknowledgement of the limited ability of the courts, both to predict the future and to acquire currently dispersed information, and because it promotes agreement. Sunstein not only asserts minimalism as a normative ideal, but also as a description of the current Supreme Court.

The second section is dedicated to a series of case studies, designed at once to show that the Supreme Court has been acting minimally, and furthermore, that it was correct for it to act in that fashion. However, Sunstein, having failed to crystallize minimalism into any thing concrete enough to be subject to falsification, simply rhapsodizes on the lack of court's information, and the many factual possibilites that would prove wide rulings unattractive.

Indeed, there is a fundamental ambiguity here: the author insists that minimalism is a relativist concept, but simultaneously, that it can be absolute as well (the latter claim is not explicitly stated, but the implication is clear enough--without an absolute standard of minimalism, Sunstein could not describe the Rehnquist Court as minimalist). The rub of it is if the former contention is true, then Sunstein's claim about the Rehnquist Court is fatally uninteresting. If the latter is true, then it depends on a definition of minimalism Sunsten never offers, and is at any rate, most likely false.

The third section of a book is an attack on the apostles of the opposition: width (Antonin Scalia) and depth (Ronald Dworkin). Sunstein's attack on Scalia's textualism is a fierce representation of the classic rule to act utilitarianism collapse, coupled with a critique of originalism. Dworkin's depth is respectfully dismissed as--at times--inconvenient. Attack as he does, however, he has offered nothing in its stead. His own philosophy is so run through with caveats that it is unclear what its enactment would look like, nor whether it is as attractive as he claims.

Indeed minimalism as a rule, quite appropriately, simply collapses to act minimalism, which is simple pragmatism, which Sunstein only vaguely defends. True enough, judges should exercise the best of judgment, but most people already had a feeling that that was the case before "One Case at a Time."

Make no mistake, Professor Sunstein's analysis of cases is lively and insightful, and his statements are often profound. But every insightful point is paired with a correspondingly strong counterpoint, and after 200 and some pages one finds every statement precisely cancelled out, leaving the reader with no real idea of what Sunstein is advocating, and the underlying suspicion that he's too timid to resolutely defend his position, whatever it may be.

Reading the book is like eating Chinese food.

An intriguing examination of how the Supreme Court operates.......2004-12-30

It is a common piece of political rhetoric that courts run this country; you see this most commonly from the right. Sunstein presents an alternative that actually examines how the Supreme Court operates across broad categories. Sunstein develops the theory of minimalism. Under this theory, Sunstein argues that courts should proceed cautiously in deciding cases that involve complex and difficult areas of constitutional law. Courts have institutional limitations that make it difficult for them to provide hard rules that will decide every case in the future. One recurring example is Roe v. Wade where the Court attempted to lay out a broad rule. The experience with this broad rule demonstrated that the Court's attempt was a bad idea in that it had insufficient knowledge to adequately develop rules to deal with all contingencies. That is why the Court itself eventually abandoned Roe's broad rule in Casey. While Sunstein warns against broad and far-reaching rules, he does not say that all such rules are invalid. Instead he argues that such rules should be limited for those few cases and areas that a consensus exists and the risk of error is minimal; an example of which is Brown where the Court had a series of decisions lending support to its ultimate resolution of segregation. After describing minimalism, Sunstein analyzes the Court's recent decisions regarding assisted suicide, affirmative action, sex and sexual orientation, and the first amendment dealing with cable and internet issues. In each of these areas the Court has proceeded in a minimalist fashion, which Sunstein describes and defends.

Contrary to another reviewer's assertion, Sunstein does not use his theory to justify "liberal" values while attacking "conservative" justices. In fact he notes that Rehnquist, hardly a liberal, often operates in a minimalist fashion. His critique of Scalia has nothing to do with conservatism and is instead aimed at the fact that Scalia is the foremost maximalist. He argues for broad rules meant to provide certainty. Sunstein analyzes Scalia's constitutional theory solely in terms of the limitation of maximalism, and does not in any way attack Scalia for his conservatism.

The best thing about minimalism is that it seeks to allow democratic deliberation to assist in constitutional development. In deciding cases in a minimalist fashion, the Court allows democratic assemblies to work out new approaches to difficult areas. In fact, one benefit of federalism has long been understood to be promoting experimentation. Democratic assemblies have the fact gathering ability and deliberative processes that can best develop rules to deal with future problems.

Response to "Sad....Brilliant Mind.".......2000-07-05

Review titled "Sad...Brilliant Mind" is misguided and his criticism is misplaced. His erudiction is impressive (lots of foreign, erudite words to be sure) but his analysis confuses several critical positions. Read "One Case at a Time" and you will gain a better idea of how fundamentally flawed our democratic process actually is and the role of the judiciary as a buffer against a tyranny by the majority. To understand the Supreme Court since 1954, one must see the historical circumstances of that era.

Sad Use of a Brilliant Mind.......2000-02-09

Liberalism eats its intellectuals, cannibalizing their principles for the sake of political expediency.

Professor Sunstein is a case in point. Last year, to defend President Clinton against impeachment, he argued that a President can't be impeached for any crime not related to his office. When pressed, he allowed that it would be a borderline case if the President murdered someone, but no lesser crime would merit impeachment. Professor Sunstein is not a stupid man, but this is a stupid argument. Since, like most legal experts, Mr. Sunstein also believes that a President cannot be prosecuted, Mr. Sunstein is arguing that if a President habitually raped women or blew up abortion clinics and bragged about his exploits in his State of the Union Address, the country would be powerless to take any action against him. I doubt that a man of Mr. Sunstein's intelligence believed that even as he spoke it, but nevertheless, he lent his prestige to a shabby argument for the political demands of the moment.

There is something of the same thing going on in this book. This time, there is nothing objectionable in his thesis. Courts should not strip issues away from the democratic process. Indeed, if it weren't for Roe v. Wade (which Sunstein properly condemns), state legislatures would have legalized abortion anyway, but the pro-life forces would not be picketing clinics, let alone blowing them up. Vox populi, vox dei has a powerful ability to make people to accept what they oppose. Courts lack that power.

Where Sunstein bows to political pressure is in his choice of examples of judicial overreach. For every example of Warren Court "maximalism" which he rightly condemns, he throws in a right-wing example, Justices Scalia and Thomas being particular targets. But he really is comparing apples and oranges. Justice Scalia's position on punitive damages, for instance, which has a long tradition in America despite current abuses, is just not on a par with the Warren Court's Baker v. Carr, which overturned 200 years of electoral practice (and, if the court had been logically consistent, would have overturned the method of electing U.S. Senators, thus making the Constitution unconstitutional). Yet Sunstein equates the two. If conservative judges were really the judicial activists Sunstein pretends them to be, they would be arguing that the fetus is a human being protected by the Constitution. They do not do that, arguing at their most extreme that it is a matter for the legislatures to decide.

Because liberalism is aimless at the moment, it behooves liberals to applaud the narrow focus of the Court. It also behooves them to use a tu quoque argument to attack the opposition. Sunstein fills the bill.

This book is a highly original and highly principled work. Unfortunately, the parts that are original are not principled and the parts that principled are not original.

Succinct analysis of how the Supreme Court decides cases.......1999-09-27

This is an essential text for anyone interested in legal reasoning and legal process. I would go so far as to say it will be on the same bookshelf as Oliver Wendall Holmes and other great jurisprudential commentators. It should also be required reading for every law student, and their professors as well. Sunstein, a law professor at the University of Chicago Law School, gives clear, diagramatic analyses of the principles upon which the Supreme Court (and other courts and judges) base their decisions.

Book Description

This digital document is an article from Constitutional Commentary, published by Constitutional Commentary, Inc. on December 22, 2000. The length of the article is 7320 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: One Case at a Time: Judicial Minimalism on the Supreme Court.(Review) (book review)
Author: Stephen M. Griffin
Publication: Constitutional Commentary (Refereed)
Date: December 22, 2000
Publisher: Constitutional Commentary, Inc.
Volume: 17 Issue: 3 Page: 683

Article Type: Book Review

Distributed by Thomson Gale

Book Description

This report contains business intelligence information for succesful export-import, business and investment operations, strategic contacts and more... The report also contains selected information on investment and business opportunities, international economic projects, tenders, government projects, as well as, marketing and export-import opportunities information.

Book Description

The Selling Edge explores the changing business environment and identifies the tools and techniques required to make your salespeople more efficient, more responsive, and, as a result, more successful in this highly competitive sales environment. It focuses on business-to-business selling and takes a comprehensive look at top performing salespeople, identifying the methods and procedures that have made them successful. This book breaks new ground by concentrating on challenges facing the sales manager, detailing the steps to be taken to develop a high-performance sales organization, and recognizing the pitfalls to be avoided. With the downsizing of corporate America, business customers have no time to waste. Many businesses are being called upon to do more with less. They expect sales organizations to answer their needs in a fast and efficient manner. Companies will not accept delays in responding to their questions, nor will they accept proposals that focus on product features rather than on solutions to their business problems. With increased competition, sales organizations must work longer and harder to maintain and increase their sales. Top management of any succcessful corporation also must understand the problems of sales, and good sales managers must know how to work with and obtain the best results from their sales team. Levokove shows how to build and maintain a highly motivated sales organization.

Customer Reviews:

Another enjoyable installment, well-read.......2002-02-02

Another enjoyable installment in this series. This one has the added feature of a story from "She Who Must Be Obeyed"'s perspective, aptly titled "Hilda's Story" and relating a case where Hilda susses out the solution even before Rumpole. Other installments include "Little Boy Lost," about an alleged kidnapping with a remarkably unsympathetic defendant and "Rumpole and the Angel of Death," where Rumpole has to defend a doctor accused of committing murder in the guise of euthanasia. Ever entertaining, with marvelous turns of phrase, and splendidly read by Patrick Tull and (with the one story) Susan Tanner.

The Selling Edge - Winning Over Today's Business Customers (A Practical No-Nonsense Guide to Being A Top Sales Performer)

Average customer rating:

The Selling Edge - Winning Over Today's Business Customers (A Practical No-Nonsense Guide to Being A Top Sales Performer)
Michael Levokove , and Celeste Levokove
Manufacturer: Glenbridge Publishing
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
ASIN: B000V75LTW

Product Description

"The Selling Edge should be required reading for all those who want to know what it takes to be successful in the complex world of selling to large enterprises."--Alan L. Mendelson, Chairman & CEO, InfoTech Consulting Inc. "Qualifies to be the backbone of any company sales training program and sales management guide."--Alan G. Stromberg, President & CEO, Verbex Voice Systems. Today's marketplace is a fast-changing and highly competitive environment. With the downsizing of corporate America, businesses are being called upon to do more with less, and must work longer and harder to maintain and increase their sales. This book breaks new ground by concentrating on challenges facing the sales manager, detailing the steps to be taken to develop a high-performance sales organization. Focusing on business-to-business selling, it takes a comprehensive look at top performing salespeople and identifies the methods that have made them successful. Here you will find practical suggestions for cold calling and objection handling and develop techniques to uncover your customer's problems. You will learn the value of the consultative selling approach, how to maximize your face-to-face visits with customers, and finally, a straightforward technique for closing.

The Selling Edge : Winning over Today's Business Customers

Average customer rating:

The Selling Edge : Winning over Today's Business Customers
Michael; Keene, James A. (editor) Levokove
Manufacturer: Glenbridge Publishing, Limited
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover
ASIN: B000HMN0VC

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